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The Select Model dialog is the starting point for configuring a simulation in GranDEM. It allows users to activate the Continuous Fluid Phase (CFD), the Discrete Particle Phase (DEM), and define the coupling mechanisms between them. Depending on the selected options, GranDEM can perform pure CFD si…

The Discrete element method-based particle tracking is governed by Newton’s law of motion. The dynamic motion of any particle ‘a’, defined vectorially in a 3-D space by position vector ‘ra’ and mass ‘ma’, is determined by the sum of the forces acting on the particle. This balance is provided hereby…

 The execute is the final property to be edited before running a simulation. Fig. 9.1 shows the middle pane that is observed on clicking the Execute in the left pane. Here the output settings, time step settings, end time settings and autoload visualization settings are made. The time step siz…

 This selection on the left pane is used after a simulation run has completed and output result data is available for paraview post-processing and visualization study. On selecting this the middle pane appears as shown in Fig. 11.1. Here in this feature various data type files can be loaded in…

On the Main UI, select ‘Material Properties’ from the left pane. This causes the component materials adding additional tabs in the middle pane to appear. This consists of the buttons ‘Add component’ and ‘Delete component’. Using the ‘Add component’ button new components can be added successive…

Collision force is the summation of all direct contact collision forces experienced by the particle. The collision forces are treated by the soft sphere approach where a spring-dashpot method is applied. Therefore, any given particle ‘a’ can be simultaneously in collision with multiple particles ‘b…

The Collision Force tab is used to define the contact force model governing interactions between discrete particles during DEM simulations. These parameters determine how particles behave when they come into contact with one another or with solid boundaries.GranDEM uses the Cundall–Strack Contact M…

6.1 Injection Initialization – Specific Point InjectionThe Specific Point Injection method is used to introduce particles into the computational domain from one or more user-defined locations. Each injection point represents a particle source where particles are generated with specified physical pr…